Taking Cuttings: Softwood and Hardwood Methods

title: "Taking Cuttings: Softwood and Hardwood Methods"

Most of the shrubs, perennials, and woody plants in a garden can be multiplied for free by taking cuttings. The mechanics are simple: remove a piece of stem, create conditions for root formation, wait. The variables that determine success are cutting timing, stem maturity, moisture management, and medium.

Two distinct cutting methods apply to most garden plants: softwood (taken from active growth in late spring through midsummer) and hardwood (taken from fully dormant wood in late fall through winter). They require different timing and slightly different technique but similar basic equipment.

I've propagated my panicle hydrangeas (Hydrangea paniculata) from softwood cuttings taken in late June with excellent success — well over 80% rooting rate when I kept humidity high. Russian sage is equally cooperative. For hardwood cuttings, forsythia and viburnums are the most forgiving beginner subjects.

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Table of Contents

1. Softwood vs. Hardwood Cuttings: When Each Applies
2. Taking Softwood Cuttings
3. Taking Hardwood Cuttings
4. Rooting Medium and Containers
5. Humidity and Light Management
6. Species Success Reference
7. Frequently Asked Questions

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